Sensors, as the cornerstone of modern information technology, are a bridge between the physical world and the digital world. They can sense and convert various physical quantities, such as temperature, pressure, light intensity, sound, displacement, etc., to provide accurate data input to the system. In industrial automation, smart home, medical health, environmental monitoring and many other fields, sensors play an irreplaceable role. Through real-time monitoring and accurate measurement, sensors help equipment achieve intelligent control, optimize production processes, improve quality of life, and protect the ecological environment. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things technology, the importance of sensors as the front end of data acquisition has become increasingly prominent, and has become a key element to promote the process of social intelligence.